The intensification of the greenhouse effect, improvement of living standards, human demand for air conditioning increased dramatically. China, for example, air-conditioning demand from 550 million units in 1997 increased to 660 million units in 1998, demand in 1999 reached 900 million units. Ordinary air has developed rapidly, but the big power, serious heat island effect, solar air-conditioning although the development is slow, but it do not need electricity, energy saving, no pollution, long working life and other advantages have attracted worldwide attention of scholars.
The intensification of the greenhouse effect, improvement of living standards, human demand for air conditioning increased dramatically. China, for example, air-conditioning demand from 550 million units in 1997 increased to 660 million units in 1998, demand in 1999 reached 900 million units. Ordinary air has developed rapidly, but the big power, serious heat island effect, solar air-conditioning although the development is slow, but it do not need electricity, energy saving, no pollution, long working life and other advantages have attracted worldwide attention of scholars.
First, the solar air conditioning technology
Late 70s, the world of vigorous development of solar energy research, solar air conditioning technology also will appear. The application of solar air-conditioning was found reasonable: When solar radiation is stronger, the weather is getting hot, solar air-conditioning load of the greater cooling effect is best. Solar air conditioning technology which has aroused world wide attention of scholars. Many research institutions, universities and businesses have invested in human and material development of a solar refrigeration (air conditioning〕 machines, most of them small, absorption refrigeration test prototype.
In other countries, the University of Florida law professor Peter embarked on this research, and put into actual operation, using the ammonia absorption chiller, cooling water, well water is 21 ℃, it was that the cooling coefficient of about 0.45. Japan also reported that they developed the solar cooling system, the system consists of an area of 32.2 square meters of flat-plate collector, 7kW of lithium bromide refrigerator and 2.5 cubic meters of hot water storage tank composition. Data show that the system provides all the necessary heating energy in winter and summer days typically required to drive absorption chillers for 70% of the energy. Saudi Arabia built a flat plate collector solar air-conditioning, the use of lithium bromide chiller for cooling, and open its properties.
In China, Tianjin University, developed in 1975 a continuous ammonia water absorption of solar ice maker, Nissan ice up to 5.4kg. Beijing Normal College (now the Capital Normal University, etc.) developed in 1977, 1.5m2 flat plate solar ice maker intermittent, daily ice 6.8-8kg; 1979 years and developed a 8m2 flat continuous automatic tracking solar refrigerators. Huazhong Institute of Technology (now Central University of Technology) developed a light area of 1.5m2, refrigerator volume of 70 liters of water to ammonia as working pair of small solar refrigeration equipment, we can maintain the refrigerator 0 ℃ 10 hours. University of Hong Kong completed a solar absorption air-conditioning design, operation and climatic conditions in Hong Kong, the performance data. In addition, the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, solar refrigeration in a lot of work, and proposed a combined cycle of solar heating and cooling the composite machine devices. In 1987, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Institute of Energy co-operation with the Hong Kong Polytechnic, established in Shenzhen, a combination of scientific research and practical demonstration of the integrated system of solar air conditioning and water heating, solar collector area of 120m2, cooling capacity of 14kw, Jan.1998, the CAS Guangzhou Institute of Energy successfully developed a practical solar air-conditioning hot water system, put into operation in Guangzhou, Jiangmen City. Among them, the cooling water temperature is 65 ℃ -75 ℃, the potential life of the water temperature 55 ℃ -60 ℃, 500 square meters with high-efficiency flat-plate collector, a two-stage absorption chillers 100kW to meet more than 600 square meters of air conditioning load
Solar refrigeration and air conditioning with the maturity of key technologies, especially in the solar collector and the refrigerator has made rapid development, solar air-conditioning has also been a rapid development. Nineties vacuum tube collector and lithium bromide absorption chiller in large numbers to enter the market. Vacuum tube collector of hot summer temperatures are above 85 ℃, fully able to meet the needs of solar air-conditioning. Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Institute of Energy developed two-stage low-temperature hot water absorption chiller, heating temperature just above 60 ℃, particularly suitable for use in solar air conditioning. Many domestic manufacturers have begun production of solar air-conditioning, such as Shanghai Zhongtian production of small solar air-conditioning, Guangzhou Energy, Yantai Fushan and other large-scale production of solar air-conditioning has a more mature experience.
Second, the current characteristics of solar air conditioning technology
Now the realization of solar air conditioning There are two ways, first, first, an optical – electrical conversion, and then conventional power-driven compression chillers for cooling; this implementation principle is simple, easy to implement, but the cost is high. Qingdao Haier produced as the solar refrigerators and air conditioning. Second, the use of solar heat-driven cooling, refrigeration technical requirements that high, but low cost, no noise, no pollution. Are mainly used in this way. In this way the solar absorption air-conditioning, and generally can be divided into two kinds of adsorption.
Absorption refrigeration technology is the use of absorbent characteristics of the absorption and evaporation cooling technology, according to the different absorbent, into ammonia – water and lithium bromide absorption chiller – water absorption refrigeration two. It produces solar collectors to collect solar hot water or hot air, and then solar hot water or hot air instead of water entered the boiler in refrigeration chillers. The cost, technology, efficiency and other reasons, this cooler should not be doing too. Therefore, using this technology of solar air-conditioning systems are generally applicable to central air conditioning system needs to have a certain scale.
Adsorption refrigeration technology is the use of solid sorbent on adsorption of refrigerant to refrigeration, commonly used molecular sieve – water, activated carbon – methanol adsorption refrigeration.
Third, the advantages of solar air conditioning technology and application prospects
Currently, most of the use of air conditioning technology is a kind of energy as a driving force to be absorbed heat out of the room outside the circulatory system. Serious problems in energy, the growing tension in the world’s energy today, the use of more energy-efficient air-conditioning system is the common human needs. Solar air-conditioning to solve this problem, it is the basic need power, low operating costs (which can be no running costs), no moving parts, long life and no noise. And the use of solar energy air-conditioning system, it is part of the allure lies in the more intense solar radiation when the ambient temperature of the higher people’s lives the more we need air-conditioning, this time, solar air-conditioning cooling capacity will be. This is the ideal state of harmony between man and nature. The result of the use of solar air-conditioning, not only to create a pleasant indoor temperature, but also reduce the atmospheric temperature, but also weakened the urban heat island effect. Preferable that both save energy, do not use the destruction of Freon and other harmful substances in the atmosphere, is truly green air conditioning. In the energy and the environment have great potential for development.
The air conditioning industry in our country, the air conditioner market is in the development and improvement stage, at present, the family’s air conditioner cities only 20% popularity, the market potential is huge. With the substantial increase in people’s living standard, air conditioner has become an essential household appliances, air-conditioning into the home of the main obstacles is the energy consumption and pricing conflicts. Solar air conditioning from the features and technical characteristics point of view, solar air conditioning is best suited to resolve these contradictions and applications, the current demand for air conditioning industry to the development of solar air conditioning technology and applications has brought a rare opportunity. Solar air conditioning technology must have broad application prospects.
Fourth, problems and possible solutions
(1) due to the impact of solar collectors, solar air-conditioning prevalence of low efficiency, the problem of high prices. However, solar air conditioning is built based on the application of solar water heating, solar air conditioning solar collector solar water heater can be compared with the general, with the development of solar water heaters, solar collector efficiency will be improved; for that there are solar Users can transform water heater, the first cooling and then heat bath, so that a better economy.
(2) from the collector, refrigerator, an appropriate cost allocation point of view, collector temperature, water temperature and cooling water temperature should be the number of each, in order to create one of the most economical solar air conditioning system, but also issues to be resolved . But I think that with the appropriate collector and chiller, the establishment of economical solar air conditioning system, the only question.
(3) the existence of the collection of solar energy prescription, storage technology must also be a good solution. The existing methods used to increase hot water heat storage capacity, and enhance the insulation effect, with the storage technology and research and development of regenerative vehicle, solar air conditioning system unreliability and intermittent would be improved.
(4) the relative concentration of buildings for housing, the collector installation is greatly limited. This is mainly because the installation of solar air-conditioning is not widespread, the building’s design does not take into account the solar air-conditioning, solar water heaters as the eighties, the installation is very complex, and now thought of building designers, solar water heater is loaded onto.
(5) There is no design of solar air conditioning system of the computer software, control chip, technical standards and uniform equipment and spare parts. This is a combination of technology and market issues that require a certain scale solar air-conditioning, occupied a certain market, but also take some time and the government, science and technology sector support.
After several years of development, solar air conditioning technology has begun to enter the practical stage, and gradually into the market; technological progress and economic development for energy and the environment also put forward higher requirements, I believe in the government and society strong support, closely based on the mature large solar water heater market, solar air-conditioning will be of significant development
Analysis of Solar Air Conditioning Technology
Posted by admin in News
The intensification of the greenhouse effect, improvement of living standards, human demand for air conditioning increased dramatically. China, for example, air-conditioning demand from 550 million units in 1997 increased to 660 million units in 1998, demand in 1999 reached 900 million units. Ordinary air has developed rapidly, but the big power, serious heat island effect, solar air-conditioning although the development is slow, but it do not need electricity, energy saving, no pollution, long working life and other advantages have attracted worldwide attention of scholars.
The intensification of the greenhouse effect, improvement of living standards, human demand for air conditioning increased dramatically. China, for example, air-conditioning demand from 550 million units in 1997 increased to 660 million units in 1998, demand in 1999 reached 900 million units. Ordinary air has developed rapidly, but the big power, serious heat island effect, solar air-conditioning although the development is slow, but it do not need electricity, energy saving, no pollution, long working life and other advantages have attracted worldwide attention of scholars.
First, the solar air conditioning technology
Late 70s, the world of vigorous development of solar energy research, solar air conditioning technology also will appear. The application of solar air-conditioning was found reasonable: When solar radiation is stronger, the weather is getting hot, solar air-conditioning load of the greater cooling effect is best. Solar air conditioning technology which has aroused world wide attention of scholars. Many research institutions, universities and businesses have invested in human and material development of a solar refrigeration (air conditioning〕 machines, most of them small, absorption refrigeration test prototype.
In other countries, the University of Florida law professor Peter embarked on this research, and put into actual operation, using the ammonia absorption chiller, cooling water, well water is 21 ℃, it was that the cooling coefficient of about 0.45. Japan also reported that they developed the solar cooling system, the system consists of an area of 32.2 square meters of flat-plate collector, 7kW of lithium bromide refrigerator and 2.5 cubic meters of hot water storage tank composition. Data show that the system provides all the necessary heating energy in winter and summer days typically required to drive absorption chillers for 70% of the energy. Saudi Arabia built a flat plate collector solar air-conditioning, the use of lithium bromide chiller for cooling, and open its properties.
In China, Tianjin University, developed in 1975 a continuous ammonia water absorption of solar ice maker, Nissan ice up to 5.4kg. Beijing Normal College (now the Capital Normal University, etc.) developed in 1977, 1.5m2 flat plate solar ice maker intermittent, daily ice 6.8-8kg; 1979 years and developed a 8m2 flat continuous automatic tracking solar refrigerators. Huazhong Institute of Technology (now Central University of Technology) developed a light area of 1.5m2, refrigerator volume of 70 liters of water to ammonia as working pair of small solar refrigeration equipment, we can maintain the refrigerator 0 ℃ 10 hours. University of Hong Kong completed a solar absorption air-conditioning design, operation and climatic conditions in Hong Kong, the performance data. In addition, the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, solar refrigeration in a lot of work, and proposed a combined cycle of solar heating and cooling the composite machine devices. In 1987, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Institute of Energy co-operation with the Hong Kong Polytechnic, established in Shenzhen, a combination of scientific research and practical demonstration of the integrated system of solar air conditioning and water heating, solar collector area of 120m2, cooling capacity of 14kw, Jan.1998, the CAS Guangzhou Institute of Energy successfully developed a practical solar air-conditioning hot water system, put into operation in Guangzhou, Jiangmen City. Among them, the cooling water temperature is 65 ℃ -75 ℃, the potential life of the water temperature 55 ℃ -60 ℃, 500 square meters with high-efficiency flat-plate collector, a two-stage absorption chillers 100kW to meet more than 600 square meters of air conditioning load
Solar refrigeration and air conditioning with the maturity of key technologies, especially in the solar collector and the refrigerator has made rapid development, solar air-conditioning has also been a rapid development. Nineties vacuum tube collector and lithium bromide absorption chiller in large numbers to enter the market. Vacuum tube collector of hot summer temperatures are above 85 ℃, fully able to meet the needs of solar air-conditioning. Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Institute of Energy developed two-stage low-temperature hot water absorption chiller, heating temperature just above 60 ℃, particularly suitable for use in solar air conditioning. Many domestic manufacturers have begun production of solar air-conditioning, such as Shanghai Zhongtian production of small solar air-conditioning, Guangzhou Energy, Yantai Fushan and other large-scale production of solar air-conditioning has a more mature experience.
Second, the current characteristics of solar air conditioning technology
Now the realization of solar air conditioning There are two ways, first, first, an optical – electrical conversion, and then conventional power-driven compression chillers for cooling; this implementation principle is simple, easy to implement, but the cost is high. Qingdao Haier produced as the solar refrigerators and air conditioning. Second, the use of solar heat-driven cooling, refrigeration technical requirements that high, but low cost, no noise, no pollution. Are mainly used in this way. In this way the solar absorption air-conditioning, and generally can be divided into two kinds of adsorption.
Absorption refrigeration technology is the use of absorbent characteristics of the absorption and evaporation cooling technology, according to the different absorbent, into ammonia – water and lithium bromide absorption chiller – water absorption refrigeration two. It produces solar collectors to collect solar hot water or hot air, and then solar hot water or hot air instead of water entered the boiler in refrigeration chillers. The cost, technology, efficiency and other reasons, this cooler should not be doing too. Therefore, using this technology of solar air-conditioning systems are generally applicable to central air conditioning system needs to have a certain scale.
Adsorption refrigeration technology is the use of solid sorbent on adsorption of refrigerant to refrigeration, commonly used molecular sieve – water, activated carbon – methanol adsorption refrigeration.
Third, the advantages of solar air conditioning technology and application prospects
Currently, most of the use of air conditioning technology is a kind of energy as a driving force to be absorbed heat out of the room outside the circulatory system. Serious problems in energy, the growing tension in the world’s energy today, the use of more energy-efficient air-conditioning system is the common human needs. Solar air-conditioning to solve this problem, it is the basic need power, low operating costs (which can be no running costs), no moving parts, long life and no noise. And the use of solar energy air-conditioning system, it is part of the allure lies in the more intense solar radiation when the ambient temperature of the higher people’s lives the more we need air-conditioning, this time, solar air-conditioning cooling capacity will be. This is the ideal state of harmony between man and nature. The result of the use of solar air-conditioning, not only to create a pleasant indoor temperature, but also reduce the atmospheric temperature, but also weakened the urban heat island effect. Preferable that both save energy, do not use the destruction of Freon and other harmful substances in the atmosphere, is truly green air conditioning. In the energy and the environment have great potential for development.
The air conditioning industry in our country, the air conditioner market is in the development and improvement stage, at present, the family’s air conditioner cities only 20% popularity, the market potential is huge. With the substantial increase in people’s living standard, air conditioner has become an essential household appliances, air-conditioning into the home of the main obstacles is the energy consumption and pricing conflicts. Solar air conditioning from the features and technical characteristics point of view, solar air conditioning is best suited to resolve these contradictions and applications, the current demand for air conditioning industry to the development of solar air conditioning technology and applications has brought a rare opportunity. Solar air conditioning technology must have broad application prospects.
Fourth, problems and possible solutions
(1) due to the impact of solar collectors, solar air-conditioning prevalence of low efficiency, the problem of high prices. However, solar air conditioning is built based on the application of solar water heating, solar air conditioning solar collector solar water heater can be compared with the general, with the development of solar water heaters, solar collector efficiency will be improved; for that there are solar Users can transform water heater, the first cooling and then heat bath, so that a better economy.
(2) from the collector, refrigerator, an appropriate cost allocation point of view, collector temperature, water temperature and cooling water temperature should be the number of each, in order to create one of the most economical solar air conditioning system, but also issues to be resolved . But I think that with the appropriate collector and chiller, the establishment of economical solar air conditioning system, the only question.
(3) the existence of the collection of solar energy prescription, storage technology must also be a good solution. The existing methods used to increase hot water heat storage capacity, and enhance the insulation effect, with the storage technology and research and development of regenerative vehicle, solar air conditioning system unreliability and intermittent would be improved.
(4) the relative concentration of buildings for housing, the collector installation is greatly limited. This is mainly because the installation of solar air-conditioning is not widespread, the building’s design does not take into account the solar air-conditioning, solar water heaters as the eighties, the installation is very complex, and now thought of building designers, solar water heater is loaded onto.
(5) There is no design of solar air conditioning system of the computer software, control chip, technical standards and uniform equipment and spare parts. This is a combination of technology and market issues that require a certain scale solar air-conditioning, occupied a certain market, but also take some time and the government, science and technology sector support.
After several years of development, solar air conditioning technology has begun to enter the practical stage, and gradually into the market; technological progress and economic development for energy and the environment also put forward higher requirements, I believe in the government and society strong support, closely based on the mature large solar water heater market, solar air-conditioning will be of significant development